Indian green hydrogen : Viksit Bharat@2047

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 Green Hydrogen and Sustainability in India

India’s Green Hydrogen Mission
Green hydrogen is emerging as a pivotal component in India’s journey towards sustainable energy. Produced using renewable sources, green hydrogen is considered a clean fuel with the potential to decarbonize sectors that are hard to electrify, such as heavy industry and long-haul transportation. India, with its vast renewable energy resources and supportive government policies, is positioning itself as a global hub for green hydrogen production and usage.


Government Policies and Initiatives


The Indian government has taken proactive steps to promote green hydrogen as part of its commitment to a sustainable future. The National Hydrogen Mission, launched in 2021, aims to make India a global leader in hydrogen energy. Under this mission, the government has set ambitious targets, including producing 5 million metric tonnes of green hydrogen annually by 2030. Additionally, the Green Hydrogen Policy introduced incentives like waiver of interstate transmission charges for 25 years on renewable energy used to produce green hydrogen, making production more economically viable.

Plan to expand in states

Renewable Energy and Production Capacity


India’s renewable energy sector—one of the world’s largest—is critical to its green hydrogen ambitions. With solar and wind energy potential reaching 100 GW and 60 GW respectively, India has the capacity to power large-scale electrolysis to produce green hydrogen. The aim is to leverage renewable sources not only to produce hydrogen but also to make India a global exporter of the fuel, reducing reliance on fossil fuels and improving energy security.

How hydrogen is extracted

Challenges and Opportunities


The main challenge lies in the cost of green hydrogen production, which is currently higher than traditional fossil fuels. However, as technology advances and renewable energy costs continue to decline, green hydrogen is expected to become more affordable. India is also investing in research and development to improve electrolyzer efficiency and establish the necessary infrastructure for hydrogen production, storage, and distribution.


The shift to green hydrogen offers numerous benefits, including a significant reduction in carbon emissions and the potential to generate employment in a new industry. Additionally, green hydrogen aligns with India’s goals under the Paris Agreement, helping the country move toward net-zero emissions by 2070.


CAGR OF GREEN HYDROGEN


Future Outlook


India’s green hydrogen initiative is poised to create a sustainable energy ecosystem, supporting decarbonization efforts in critical sectors like steel, cement, and chemicals. As India expands its renewable capacity and develops hydrogen infrastructure, green hydrogen could become a cornerstone of the country’s energy portfolio, fostering both environmental and economic growth.


Citations


• RBI Annual Report

• NITI Aayog Reports on Green Energy

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